{ "year": "2025", "label": "2024/25", "period": "1 July 2024 – 30 June 2025", "published": "October 2025", "source": { "name": "Financial Statements of the Government of New Zealand for the year ended 30 June 2025 (B.11)", "url": "https://www.treasury.govt.nz/sites/default/files/2025-10/fsgnz-2025.pdf", "publisher": "The Treasury" }, "sourceAppropriations": { "name": "Budget 2026 Data from the Estimates of Appropriations (expenditure workbook, 2024/25 actuals)", "url": "https://www.budget.govt.nz/budget/2026/data-library.htm" }, "population": 5324700, "populationNote": "Estimated resident population at 30 June 2025 (Stats NZ, provisional)", "gdp": 436103, "totals": { "coreCrownExpenses": 141675, "coreCrownExpensesPrior": 138998, "coreCrownRevenue": 134411, "coreCrownTaxRevenue": 121698, "totalCrownExpenses": 183502, "totalCrownRevenue": 169811, "sovereignRevenue": 130826, "obegal": -13973, "netCoreCrownDebt": 182171, "netCoreCrownDebtPctGdp": 41.8, "grossDebt": 203688, "financeCosts": 8862 }, "spend": [ { "id": "social-security", "name": "Social security & welfare", "short": "Welfare & pensions", "amount": 47503, "prior": 44589, "blurb": "The single biggest area of government spending — payments that support people's incomes at every stage of life. Almost half of it is NZ Superannuation.", "includes": ["NZ Superannuation", "Jobseeker Support and other main benefits", "Working for Families tax credits", "Accommodation Supplement", "KiwiSaver contributions", "Paid parental leave"], "childBasis": "exact", "childNote": "Benefit lines are from Note 8 of the financial statements (overseas aid sits under core government services, where it's classified). 'Welfare services & administration' is the derived remainder, so items sum to the total.", "children": [ { "id": "nz-super", "name": "NZ Superannuation", "amount": 23191, "prior": 21574, "blurb": "The universal pension paid to everyone aged 65 and over, regardless of income or assets. On its own it is bigger than the entire education budget." }, { "id": "jobseeker", "name": "Jobseeker Support", "amount": 4641, "prior": 4062, "blurb": "Support for people looking for work, or unable to work for a short time because of health. Includes the emergency benefit." }, { "id": "welfare-services", "name": "Welfare services & administration", "amount": 3777, "prior": 3854, "derived": true, "blurb": "What's left of the welfare budget after benefit payments: running the Ministry of Social Development, employment services and other welfare programmes. Derived — see About the numbers." }, { "id": "supported-living", "name": "Supported Living Payment", "amount": 2668, "prior": 2530, "blurb": "For people who are significantly limited by ill health or disability, and for those who care for them full time." }, { "id": "family-tax-credit", "name": "Family Tax Credit", "amount": 2434, "prior": 2297, "blurb": "The main Working for Families payment for low- and middle-income families with children." }, { "id": "sole-parent", "name": "Sole Parent Support", "amount": 2255, "prior": 2097, "blurb": "Support for single parents caring for dependent children." }, { "id": "accommodation", "name": "Accommodation assistance", "amount": 2232, "prior": 2411, "blurb": "The Accommodation Supplement and related help with rent, board and mortgage costs." }, { "id": "kiwisaver", "name": "KiwiSaver contributions", "amount": 1020, "prior": 1014, "blurb": "The government's annual contribution to members' KiwiSaver retirement savings accounts." }, { "id": "hardship", "name": "Hardship assistance", "amount": 755, "prior": 667, "blurb": "One-off grants for essentials people can't cover — food, power bills, emergency dental and urgent costs." }, { "id": "paid-parental-leave", "name": "Paid parental leave", "amount": 709, "prior": 647, "blurb": "Government-paid leave for parents of new babies, for up to 26 weeks." }, { "id": "student-allowances", "name": "Student allowances", "amount": 574, "prior": 526, "blurb": "Living-cost support for students from lower-income households while they study." }, { "id": "winter-energy", "name": "Winter Energy Payment", "amount": 562, "prior": 537, "blurb": "Extra help with heating bills over winter for superannuitants and people on main benefits." }, { "id": "other-wff", "name": "Other Working for Families", "amount": 561, "prior": 448, "blurb": "The in-work tax credit, minimum family tax credit and FamilyBoost childcare payments." }, { "id": "disability-assistance", "name": "Disability assistance", "amount": 492, "prior": 464, "blurb": "The Disability Allowance and Child Disability Allowance, helping with the ongoing costs of disability." }, { "id": "orphans-benefit", "name": "Orphan's & Unsupported Child's Benefit", "amount": 402, "prior": 384, "blurb": "Support for people caring for a child whose parents can't — often grandparents and other family carers." }, { "id": "best-start", "name": "Best Start tax credit", "amount": 346, "prior": 336, "blurb": "A payment for families with a baby, for the first one to three years of the child's life." }, { "id": "irrs", "name": "Income-related rent subsidy", "amount": 192, "prior": 189, "blurb": "Tops up rents for community-housing tenants so they pay no more than a set share of their income." }, { "id": "other-benefits", "name": "Other benefits & subsidies", "amount": 692, "prior": 552, "blurb": "Veterans' pensions, childcare assistance, funeral grants and a long tail of smaller support payments." } ] }, { "id": "health", "name": "Health", "short": "Health", "amount": 30311, "prior": 29999, "blurb": "Mostly the funding for Health New Zealand – Te Whatu Ora, which runs the hospitals and buys primary care. Also covers Pharmac's medicines budget, disability support and public health programmes.", "includes": ["Hospitals & specialist services", "GPs & primary care subsidies", "Pharmac-funded medicines", "Mental health services", "Public health & screening programmes"], "childBasis": "appropriations", "childNote": "The largest of the 39 spending lines classified to health in the Government's 2024/25 appropriation data. Appropriations are a slightly different accounting basis, so items don't add exactly to the $30.3b total.", "children": [ { "id": "hospitals", "name": "Hospitals & specialist care", "amount": 14521, "prior": 14382, "blurb": "Running public hospitals and specialist services, delivered through Health New Zealand – Te Whatu Ora." }, { "id": "primary-community", "name": "Primary & community care", "amount": 9049, "prior": 8668, "blurb": "GP and primary care subsidies, plus community, public and population health services." }, { "id": "disability-support", "name": "Disability support services", "amount": 2243, "prior": 2153, "blurb": "Residential care, community support and equipment for disabled people." }, { "id": "acc-crown", "name": "ACC cover funded by the Crown", "amount": 1895, "prior": 1762, "blurb": "The Crown's payments to ACC for people not in paid work — children, students, superannuitants — and treatment injuries." }, { "id": "pharmac", "name": "Medicines (Pharmac)", "amount": 1690, "prior": 1806, "blurb": "Pharmac's budget for buying medicines and medical devices." }, { "id": "hauora-maori", "name": "Hauora Māori services", "amount": 719, "prior": 704, "blurb": "Māori health services and commissioning." }, { "id": "health-research", "name": "Health research", "amount": 115, "prior": 125, "blurb": "The Health Research Fund." } ] }, { "id": "education", "name": "Education", "short": "Education", "amount": 20895, "prior": 20223, "blurb": "From kindergarten to PhD: early childhood education subsidies, running every state and integrated school, tertiary tuition subsidies, and the school property portfolio.", "includes": ["Early childhood education subsidies", "Primary & secondary schooling", "Teachers' salaries", "Tertiary tuition subsidies", "School buildings & property"], "childBasis": "appropriations", "childNote": "The largest of the 59 spending lines classified to education in the Government's 2024/25 appropriation data — a slightly different accounting basis, so items don't add exactly to the $20.9b total. Student allowances appear under welfare.", "children": [ { "id": "primary-schools", "name": "Primary & intermediate schooling", "amount": 4698, "prior": 4582, "blurb": "Running primary and intermediate schools, including teachers' salaries." }, { "id": "secondary-schools", "name": "Secondary schooling", "amount": 3473, "prior": 3438, "blurb": "Running secondary schools, including teachers' salaries." }, { "id": "school-property", "name": "School buildings & property", "amount": 3396, "prior": 3110, "blurb": "Building, maintaining and leasing the school property portfolio." }, { "id": "early-learning", "name": "Early childhood education", "amount": 2917, "prior": 2697, "blurb": "Subsidies for early learning, including the 20-hours entitlement and kōhanga reo." }, { "id": "tertiary-tuition", "name": "Tertiary tuition", "amount": 2711, "prior": 2516, "blurb": "Tuition subsidies for universities, polytechnics and wānanga." }, { "id": "learning-support", "name": "Learning support", "amount": 800, "prior": 765, "blurb": "Learning support and alternative education for students who need extra help." }, { "id": "student-loan-costs", "name": "Student loan write-down", "amount": 585, "prior": 544, "blurb": "The upfront accounting cost of new student loans — the price of interest-free lending." }, { "id": "target-groups", "name": "Programmes for target student groups", "amount": 412, "prior": 418, "blurb": "Interventions for Māori, Pacific and other priority student groups." }, { "id": "tertiary-research", "name": "Tertiary research funding", "amount": 315, "prior": 315, "blurb": "Research and research-based teaching in tertiary institutions." }, { "id": "school-lunches", "name": "School lunches", "amount": 246, "prior": 285, "blurb": "The Ka Ora, Ka Ako healthy school lunches programme." } ] }, { "id": "finance-costs", "name": "Finance costs", "short": "Debt interest", "amount": 8862, "prior": 8943, "blurb": "Interest on the government's borrowing — money that buys no services. It now costs more than the defence and transport budgets combined, about $24 million every day.", "includes": ["Interest on government bonds", "Interest on Treasury bills & other borrowing"], "childBasis": "exact", "childNote": "'Other finance costs' is the derived remainder, so the two lines sum to the published total.", "children": [ { "id": "debt-servicing", "name": "Interest on the Crown's debt programme", "amount": 7477, "prior": 6479, "blurb": "Appropriated debt servicing — interest paid on government bonds and bills." }, { "id": "other-finance", "name": "Other finance costs", "amount": 1385, "prior": 2464, "derived": true, "blurb": "Interest on Reserve Bank settlement balances, leases and other liabilities. Derived remainder — see About the numbers." } ] }, { "id": "core-govt", "name": "Core government services", "short": "Running government", "amount": 7908, "prior": 8468, "blurb": "The machinery that keeps the state running: collecting tax, Parliament and elections, Treasury, Stats NZ, foreign affairs — plus New Zealand's overseas aid programme.", "includes": ["Inland Revenue & tax collection", "Parliament, Cabinet & elections", "Foreign affairs & overseas aid", "Treasury & central agencies", "Official statistics"], "childBasis": "appropriations", "childNote": "The largest of the 187 spending lines classified here in the Government's 2024/25 appropriation data (Parliament, elections, Stats NZ and many smaller agencies make up the rest). Items don't add exactly to the $7.9b total.", "children": [ { "id": "tax-impairment", "name": "Tax debt written off", "amount": 1872, "prior": 2376, "blurb": "Impairment and write-off of tax debts that can't be collected." }, { "id": "overseas-aid", "name": "Overseas aid", "amount": 953, "prior": 1202, "blurb": "International Development Cooperation — most of it in the Pacific." }, { "id": "weather-events", "name": "North Island weather events recovery", "amount": 918, "prior": 779, "blurb": "Ongoing recovery support after the 2023 Auckland floods and Cyclone Gabrielle." }, { "id": "ird-ops", "name": "Running the tax system", "amount": 738, "prior": 694, "blurb": "Inland Revenue's services — processing returns, collecting tax and chasing debt." }, { "id": "mfat", "name": "Diplomacy & foreign policy", "amount": 462, "prior": 468, "blurb": "The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade and New Zealand's embassies." }, { "id": "endeavour", "name": "Endeavour science fund", "amount": 245, "prior": 237, "blurb": "New Zealand's flagship contestable science research fund." }, { "id": "audit", "name": "Public audit", "amount": 134, "prior": 130, "blurb": "The Auditor-General's audits of every public organisation." } ] }, { "id": "law-order", "name": "Law & order", "short": "Law & order", "amount": 6734, "prior": 6527, "blurb": "The justice pipeline end to end: Police on the street, the courts that hear cases, Corrections running prisons and probation, and legal aid.", "includes": ["NZ Police", "Corrections — prisons & probation", "Courts & tribunals", "Legal aid", "Customs & border enforcement"], "childBasis": "appropriations", "childNote": "The largest of the 76 spending lines classified to law and order in the Government's 2024/25 appropriation data. Items don't add exactly to the $6.7b total.", "children": [ { "id": "prisons", "name": "Prisons", "amount": 1526, "prior": 1386, "blurb": "Running prisons and custodial remand." }, { "id": "police-investigations", "name": "Police — investigations", "amount": 911, "prior": 861, "blurb": "Criminal investigations and case resolution." }, { "id": "police-response", "name": "Police — emergency response", "amount": 731, "prior": 708, "blurb": "Frontline and emergency response policing." }, { "id": "probation", "name": "Probation & rehabilitation", "amount": 724, "prior": 719, "blurb": "Community sentences, probation and programmes to reduce reoffending." }, { "id": "police-prevention", "name": "Police — crime prevention", "amount": 619, "prior": 581, "blurb": "Community policing and crime prevention." }, { "id": "road-policing", "name": "Road policing", "amount": 437, "prior": 445, "blurb": "The road safety and policing programme, funded from the transport budget." }, { "id": "courts-other", "name": "Coroners, tribunals & senior courts", "amount": 432, "prior": 423, "blurb": "Senior and specialist courts, tribunals, and court and coroner costs." }, { "id": "district-courts", "name": "District Courts", "amount": 387, "prior": 376, "blurb": "The country's busiest courts — criminal, family and civil." }, { "id": "legal-aid", "name": "Legal aid", "amount": 305, "prior": 286, "blurb": "Legal representation for people who can't afford it." }, { "id": "customs", "name": "Customs & border enforcement", "amount": 236, "prior": 206, "blurb": "Clearing travellers and goods, and stopping illicit imports." } ] }, { "id": "transport", "name": "Transport & communications", "short": "Transport", "amount": 5472, "prior": 5487, "blurb": "Building and maintaining state highways and local roads, subsidising public transport, supporting KiwiRail, and road safety — much of it funnelled through the National Land Transport Fund.", "includes": ["State highways & local roads", "Public transport subsidies", "Rail network support", "Road policing & safety"], "childBasis": "appropriations", "childNote": "The largest of the 58 spending lines classified to transport in the Government's 2024/25 appropriation data. Items don't add exactly to the $5.5b total.", "children": [ { "id": "nltp", "name": "National Land Transport Programme", "amount": 3934, "prior": 3168, "blurb": "State highways, local roads, maintenance and public transport — funded from fuel excise and road user charges." }, { "id": "rail", "name": "Rail network maintenance", "amount": 743, "prior": null, "blurb": "Maintaining and renewing the rail network through KiwiRail (a new appropriation in 2024/25)." }, { "id": "storm-roads", "name": "Storm-damaged road repairs", "amount": 168, "prior": 92, "blurb": "Repairing local roads damaged by severe weather." }, { "id": "eastern-busway", "name": "Eastern Busway (Auckland)", "amount": 84, "prior": 77, "blurb": "The Crown's share of Auckland's Eastern Busway project." }, { "id": "caa", "name": "Civil Aviation Authority", "amount": 76, "prior": null, "blurb": "Aviation safety and security regulation (newly appropriated this way in 2024/25)." }, { "id": "pt-concessions", "name": "Public transport concessions", "amount": 41, "prior": 37, "blurb": "SuperGold and Community Connect fare concessions." }, { "id": "metservice", "name": "Weather forecasts", "amount": 29, "prior": 27, "blurb": "Public weather forecasts and severe weather warnings." } ] }, { "id": "econ-industrial", "name": "Economic & industrial services", "short": "Economy & industry", "amount": 3514, "prior": 4010, "blurb": "Support for business, science and innovation funding, employment programmes, tourism, and market regulators. One of the areas cut hardest at Budget 2024.", "includes": ["Science & innovation funding", "Business support & regional development", "Immigration services", "Tourism", "Energy programmes"], "childBasis": "appropriations", "childNote": "The largest of the roughly 130 spending lines classified here in the Government's 2024/25 appropriation data (KiwiSaver pass-through payments are excluded — that's members' own money). Items don't add exactly to the $3.5b total.", "children": [ { "id": "rd-tax", "name": "R&D tax incentive", "amount": 532, "prior": 317, "blurb": "The tax credit for business research and development." }, { "id": "immigration", "name": "Immigration & visa processing", "amount": 426, "prior": 414, "blurb": "Immigration New Zealand's visa assessment and processing services." }, { "id": "science-funds", "name": "Strategic science investment", "amount": 350, "prior": 335, "blurb": "The Strategic Science Investment Fund — research programmes and infrastructure." }, { "id": "energy", "name": "Energy & resources programmes", "amount": 256, "prior": 280, "blurb": "Electricity market governance, energy efficiency and fuel security programmes." }, { "id": "screen-intl", "name": "International screen grants", "amount": 229, "prior": 213, "blurb": "The screen production grant that attracts international film and TV productions." }, { "id": "nzte", "name": "Trade & enterprise services", "amount": 172, "prior": 188, "blurb": "NZ Trade and Enterprise's help for exporters." }, { "id": "tourism", "name": "Tourism marketing", "amount": 123, "prior": 112, "blurb": "Tourism New Zealand's international destination marketing." } ] }, { "id": "defence", "name": "Defence", "short": "Defence", "amount": 3271, "prior": 3163, "blurb": "The New Zealand Defence Force — Navy, Army and Air Force — including equipment, bases, overseas deployments and support for veterans.", "includes": ["Navy, Army & Air Force operations", "Defence equipment & estate", "Overseas deployments", "Veterans' support"], "childBasis": "appropriations", "childNote": "The three service lines from the Government's 2024/25 appropriation data; border operations, international engagement and veterans' services make up most of the rest of the $3.3b.", "children": [ { "id": "army", "name": "Army", "amount": 1149, "prior": 1137, "blurb": "Army capabilities prepared for joint operations and other tasks." }, { "id": "airforce", "name": "Air Force", "amount": 1109, "prior": 1063, "blurb": "Air Force capabilities, including maritime patrol and transport." }, { "id": "navy", "name": "Navy", "amount": 866, "prior": 747, "blurb": "Navy capabilities, from frigates to patrol vessels." } ] }, { "id": "environment", "name": "Environmental protection", "short": "Environment", "amount": 2410, "prior": 2297, "blurb": "Conservation land and native species through DOC, climate and emissions programmes, and freshwater and environmental management.", "includes": ["Department of Conservation", "Emissions Trading Scheme allocations", "Freshwater & environmental management", "Waste & pollution control"], "childBasis": "appropriations", "childNote": "The largest of the 67 spending lines classified to environmental protection in the Government's 2024/25 appropriation data. Items don't add exactly to the $2.4b total.", "children": [ { "id": "nzu-allocation", "name": "Free carbon units for industry", "amount": 1093, "prior": 856, "blurb": "Emissions units allocated free to emissions-intensive, trade-exposed industry under the ETS." }, { "id": "natural-heritage", "name": "Conservation of nature", "amount": 315, "prior": 308, "blurb": "DOC's work protecting native species and habitats." }, { "id": "doc-recreation", "name": "Parks, tracks & huts", "amount": 223, "prior": 224, "blurb": "DOC's management of national parks, tracks, huts and visitor sites." }, { "id": "improving-env", "name": "Environmental improvement", "amount": 107, "prior": 167, "blurb": "Programmes to improve New Zealand's environment." }, { "id": "freshwater", "name": "Freshwater improvement", "amount": 65, "prior": 68, "blurb": "The Freshwater Improvement Fund for rivers, lakes and wetlands." }, { "id": "clean-vehicle", "name": "Clean Vehicle Standard credits", "amount": 63, "prior": 140, "blurb": "Credits issued under the Clean Vehicle Standard." } ] }, { "id": "housing", "name": "Housing & community development", "short": "Housing", "amount": 2150, "prior": 2512, "blurb": "Public and transitional housing support, emergency housing, and urban and community development programmes.", "includes": ["Transitional & emergency housing", "Social housing support", "Homelessness programmes", "Urban development"], "childBasis": "appropriations", "childNote": "The largest of the 79 spending lines classified here in the Government's 2024/25 appropriation data (public-housing rent subsidies appear under welfare). Items don't add exactly to the $2.2b total.", "children": [ { "id": "transitional-housing", "name": "Transitional housing", "amount": 355, "prior": 361, "blurb": "Transitional housing places and support services for people without stable homes." }, { "id": "family-violence", "name": "Family violence services", "amount": 194, "prior": 178, "blurb": "Support for victims and perpetrators of family and sexual violence." }, { "id": "social-housing-svcs", "name": "Social housing support", "amount": 196, "prior": 173, "blurb": "Helping people access social housing and accommodation." }, { "id": "dev-land", "name": "Development-ready land", "amount": 157, "prior": 78, "blurb": "Infrastructure investment to open up land for housing development." }, { "id": "community-participation", "name": "Community participation", "amount": 114, "prior": 96, "blurb": "Community participation services, mainly for disabled people." }, { "id": "waste-levy", "name": "Waste levy payouts to councils", "amount": 100, "prior": 100, "blurb": "Waste disposal levy revenue passed to territorial councils." }, { "id": "warm-homes", "name": "Warmer Kiwi Homes", "amount": 76, "prior": 85, "blurb": "Insulation and heating grants for warmer, drier homes." }, { "id": "rates-rebate", "name": "Rates rebates", "amount": 75, "prior": 71, "blurb": "Rates rebates for low-income homeowners." }, { "id": "maori-housing", "name": "Māori housing", "amount": 67, "prior": 103, "blurb": "Delivering housing opportunities for Māori." } ] }, { "id": "heritage", "name": "Heritage, culture & recreation", "short": "Culture & sport", "amount": 1457, "prior": 1504, "blurb": "Arts, culture and heritage institutions, public broadcasting through RNZ and NZ On Air, museums, and Sport NZ.", "includes": ["Public broadcasting & media funding", "Museums, arts & heritage", "Sport & recreation", "Archives & national library"], "childBasis": "appropriations", "childNote": "The largest of the 55 spending lines classified here in the Government's 2024/25 appropriation data (identity services are officially classified to this area). Items don't add exactly to the $1.5b total.", "children": [ { "id": "identity-services", "name": "Passports & identity records", "amount": 218, "prior": 215, "blurb": "Passports, citizenship, and births, deaths and marriages records — officially classified under this area." }, { "id": "whanau-ora", "name": "Whānau Ora", "amount": 187, "prior": 181, "blurb": "Whānau-centred support services commissioned through Whānau Ora." }, { "id": "public-media", "name": "Public media", "amount": 175, "prior": 184, "blurb": "RNZ and NZ On Air content funding." }, { "id": "knowledge-services", "name": "National Library & Archives", "amount": 127, "prior": 126, "blurb": "The National Library, Archives NZ and government information services." }, { "id": "maori-broadcast", "name": "Māori broadcasting", "amount": 115, "prior": 115, "blurb": "Māori broadcasting and streaming, including Whakaata Māori." }, { "id": "high-perf-sport", "name": "High-performance sport", "amount": 74, "prior": 89, "blurb": "Funding for elite athletes and national sports organisations." }, { "id": "museums", "name": "Museums", "amount": 61, "prior": 57, "blurb": "Museum services, including Te Papa." }, { "id": "screen-nz", "name": "NZ screen grants", "amount": 52, "prior": 43, "blurb": "The screen production grant for New Zealand productions." } ] }, { "id": "primary", "name": "Primary services", "short": "Farming & fisheries", "amount": 996, "prior": 1062, "blurb": "Backing the primary sector: biosecurity at the border, food safety, and support for agriculture, forestry and fisheries.", "includes": ["Biosecurity", "Food safety", "Agriculture & forestry programmes", "Fisheries management"], "childBasis": "appropriations", "childNote": "The largest of the 52 spending lines classified to primary services in the Government's 2024/25 appropriation data. Items don't add exactly to the $1.0b total.", "children": [ { "id": "border-biosecurity", "name": "Border biosecurity", "amount": 159, "prior": 155, "blurb": "Screening arrivals and goods for pests and diseases at the border." }, { "id": "biosecurity-domestic", "name": "Pest & disease response", "amount": 145, "prior": 145, "blurb": "Surveillance, incursion response and long-term pest management." }, { "id": "food-safety", "name": "Food safety", "amount": 114, "prior": 105, "blurb": "Food safety assurance and standards." }, { "id": "fisheries", "name": "Fisheries management", "amount": 99, "prior": 98, "blurb": "Fisheries monitoring, enforcement and sustainability advice." }, { "id": "forestry", "name": "Forestry", "amount": 83, "prior": 81, "blurb": "Forestry programmes and managing the Crown's forests." }, { "id": "sfff", "name": "Food & fibre innovation", "amount": 65, "prior": 64, "blurb": "Sustainable Food and Fibre Futures — co-investment in farming innovation." }, { "id": "bovine-tb", "name": "Bovine TB control", "amount": 24, "prior": 24, "blurb": "The programme to control and eradicate bovine tuberculosis." } ] }, { "id": "other", "name": "Other", "short": "Other", "amount": 192, "prior": 214, "blurb": "Legacy Government Superannuation Fund pension expenses and Treaty of Waitangi settlement costs.", "includes": ["GSF pension expenses", "Treaty settlements"], "childBasis": "exact", "childNote": "GSF is from the published functional table; the remainder aligns with Treaty settlement appropriations.", "children": [ { "id": "gsf", "name": "GSF legacy pensions", "amount": 65, "prior": 69, "blurb": "Pension expenses from the long-closed Government Superannuation Fund scheme." }, { "id": "treaty", "name": "Treaty settlements & other", "amount": 127, "prior": 145, "derived": true, "blurb": "Treaty of Waitangi settlements, negotiations and related costs, plus small residual items." } ] } ], "revenue": { "total": 130826, "totalPrior": 129326, "note": "Taxes and levies (sovereign revenue, total Crown). The Crown also earned about $39b from investments, ACC-style levies shown here, and sales of goods and services across the wider state sector.", "groups": [ { "id": "individuals", "name": "Income tax — individuals", "amount": 61849, "prior": 60332, "blurb": "Tax on personal income. The single biggest source of government revenue — nearly half of all tax collected.", "children": [ { "id": "paye", "name": "PAYE on salaries & wages", "amount": 52460, "prior": 52283 }, { "id": "other-persons", "name": "Self-employed & other income (net of refunds)", "amount": 8480, "prior": 7211 }, { "id": "fbt", "name": "Fringe benefit tax", "amount": 909, "prior": 838 } ] }, { "id": "gst", "name": "GST", "amount": 29550, "prior": 29278, "blurb": "15% on almost everything you buy. Everyone pays it, whatever their income." }, { "id": "corporate", "name": "Company tax", "amount": 17496, "prior": 16909, "blurb": "Tax on company profits at 28%, including non-resident withholding tax, net of refunds." }, { "id": "rwt", "name": "Withholding tax on interest & dividends", "amount": 4507, "prior": 5994, "blurb": "Resident withholding tax deducted from bank interest and share dividends." }, { "id": "road-fuel", "name": "Road & fuel taxes", "amount": 4318, "prior": 4073, "blurb": "Petrol excise, road user charges and motor vehicle fees — largely recycled into the transport budget.", "children": [ { "id": "ruc", "name": "Road user charges", "amount": 2036, "prior": 1839 }, { "id": "fuel-excise", "name": "Petrol excise", "amount": 1995, "prior": 2002 }, { "id": "mv-fees", "name": "Motor vehicle fees", "amount": 287, "prior": 232 } ] }, { "id": "acc-levies", "name": "ACC levies", "amount": 4244, "prior": 4145, "blurb": "Levies on wages, businesses and vehicles that fund accident cover for everyone in New Zealand." }, { "id": "excise", "name": "Tobacco, alcohol & gambling", "amount": 3146, "prior": 3144, "blurb": "Excise duties on tobacco and alcohol, gaming duties, and customs duty.", "children": [ { "id": "tobacco", "name": "Tobacco excise", "amount": 1471, "prior": 1473 }, { "id": "alcohol", "name": "Alcohol excise", "amount": 1243, "prior": 1239 }, { "id": "gaming", "name": "Gaming duties", "amount": 305, "prior": 252 }, { "id": "customs", "name": "Other customs duty", "amount": 127, "prior": 180 } ] }, { "id": "other-sovereign", "name": "Fines, penalties & other", "amount": 2237, "prior": 2093, "blurb": "Court fines, child support penalties, the approved issuer levy and a long tail of small items." }, { "id": "ets", "name": "Emissions trading revenue", "amount": 1774, "prior": 1690, "blurb": "Proceeds from selling emissions units under the NZ Emissions Trading Scheme." }, { "id": "other-levies", "name": "Fire & natural hazard levies", "amount": 1705, "prior": 1565, "blurb": "Levies on insurance that fund Fire and Emergency NZ and the Natural Hazards Commission.", "children": [ { "id": "nhc", "name": "Natural Hazards Commission levies", "amount": 908, "prior": 853 }, { "id": "fenz", "name": "Fire & emergency levies", "amount": 797, "prior": 712 } ] } ] }, "trend": [ { "year": 2016, "expenses": 73929, "revenue": 76121, "gdp": 258911 }, { "year": 2017, "expenses": 76339, "revenue": 81782, "gdp": 275765 }, { "year": 2018, "expenses": 80576, "revenue": 86778, "gdp": 295589 }, { "year": 2019, "expenses": 86959, "revenue": 93474, "gdp": 310323 }, { "year": 2020, "expenses": 108832, "revenue": 91923, "gdp": 317636 }, { "year": 2021, "expenses": 107764, "revenue": 104968, "gdp": 343283 }, { "year": 2022, "expenses": 125641, "revenue": 117515, "gdp": 365742 }, { "year": 2023, "expenses": 127574, "revenue": 123398, "gdp": 401642 }, { "year": 2024, "expenses": 138998, "revenue": 133220, "gdp": 420135 }, { "year": 2025, "expenses": 141675, "revenue": 134411, "gdp": 436103 } ], "taxCalc": { "label": "2025–26 income tax rates (from 1 April 2025)", "brackets": [ { "upTo": 15600, "rate": 0.105 }, { "upTo": 53500, "rate": 0.175 }, { "upTo": 78100, "rate": 0.30 }, { "upTo": 180000, "rate": 0.33 }, { "upTo": null, "rate": 0.39 } ] } }